What does a do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order legally instruct healthcare providers to do?

A do-not-resuscitate (DNR) order is a legal document that specifically instructs healthcare providers not to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in the event that a patient’s heart stops beating or they stop breathing. By having a DNR in place, patients communicate their wishes regarding life-sustaining measures, particularly in end-of-life situations.

The DNR order is significant because it assures that resuscitative efforts, which may be unwanted or contrary to the patient’s goals of care, will not be initiated. This helps to respect the patient's autonomy and decision-making regarding their healthcare. Having a DNR in place does not preclude the provision of other types of care, such as administering pain relief or offering palliative care; it primarily focuses on the specific action of resuscitation. Therefore, healthcare providers have clear guidance that they should not undertake resuscitation efforts, effectively following the patient’s expressed wishes.